Aluminum hydroxide powder, with the chemical formula Al(OH)₃, is also known as aluminum hydroxide or monohydrate meta-aluminum acid (HAlO₂·H₂O). This white or light-colored powder is odorless, insoluble in water, but soluble in hot sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and alkaline solutions. As an amphoteric hydroxide, it exhibits dual reactivity: it can react with both acids and strong bases to form salts and water, a characteristic that underpins its diverse applications.

In industry, aluminum hydroxide powder serves as a critical intermediate in the production of alumina (aluminum oxide) from bauxite, a key step in the smelting of aluminum. Beyond metallurgy, it is widely used as a flame-retardant filler in plastics, rubber, coatings, and construction materials. Its flame-retardant properties are exceptional: it not only suppresses combustion but also inhibits smoke generation, prevents dripping of molten material, and emits no toxic gases during thermal decomposition, making it a preferred choice for safety-sensitive applications.

In healthcare, aluminum hydroxide powder plays a vital role in treating hyperacidity. Acting as an antacid, it neutralizes hydrochloric acid— the primary component of gastric juice—by reacting with it to form harmless aluminum chloride, which is safely excreted from the body. This mechanism effectively alleviates symptoms of acid reflux and heartburn.

While beneficial, aluminum hydroxide powder requires careful handling. Direct contact may irritate the eyes and mucous membranes, and prolonged exposure to airborne aluminum dust can pose respiratory risks, potentially leading to alveolar epithelial hyperplasia or other lung-related issues. To minimize these hazards, individuals working with the powder should always use appropriate protective gear, including gloves, goggles, and respiratory masks, to prevent inhalation and skin/eye contact.

This versatile compound, with its unique chemical properties and wide-ranging applications, continues to be an essential material in both industrial and medical fields, underscoring the importance of safe and responsible use.